The article of A. Karpenko is devoted to the problem of counterfactual thinking as thinking about the past, which did not happen. A review of works related to quantum-theoretical probability theory is given in the paper by A. Pechenkin.

Works on the connection between deductive logics and intuitionistic logic, the unsolvability of special classes of modal logic, the characterization of Vasiliev-type logic, etc. are placed under the heading "Non-Classical logic".